Livestock cancers


Introduction

Cancers can become an animal welfare issue if left untreated, and can affect the public's perception of the quality of meat that enters the human food chain. It is an unacceptable practice to "keep the cow until the calf is weaned" or to "keep the sheep until the fleece is shorn", if the animal is suffering from a malignant tumour. If malignant tumours are found in animals slaughtered at abattoirs, all or part of the carcass may be rejected.

Cause

Hereford cattle and to a lesser extent Friesian cattle and their crosses are more predisposed than other breeds to developing eye and skin cancers.

Sheep that have been badly mulesed, or had their tails docked too short are predisposed to cancers. Sun damage to bare areas of unpigmented skin plays a large role.

In cattle, prominent eyeballs and third eye lids and lack of pigmentation of the skin around the eyeball and eyelids are known risk factors.

Signs

Skin cancers begin as red, sun-damaged patches. The irritated patch of skin thickens and spreads, eventually invading surrounding tissues. As the tumour grows it may cause severe irritation and distress to the animal, depending on location, particularly if it ulcerates and bleeds, and becomes infected or fly blown. Cancers will eventually grow to a size that causes interference with grazing and normal behaviour, and eventually lead to loss of condition and death.

Eye cancers will eventually spread to the lymph nodes of the head and to other body organs if left untreated. Eye or facial cancers may spread to the respiratory system, making breathing difficult.

Control

Selecting Hereford and Friesian breeding stock with dark pigmentation of the eye and eyelids can decrease the incidence of eye cancer.
In sheep, leaving skin on top of the tail during the mulesing operation and permitting tail length to extend to the tip of the vulva, or equivalent in wethers, will offer some protection.

Regularly inspecting stock will assist the early detection of tumours, allowing treatment by a veterinarian or sale for slaughter in their earliest stages. In most cases, a veterinarian can successfully treat early stages of cancer by surgically removing the affected area and/or treating it with cryosurgery (freezing) or radiation. This usually allows unrestricted sale of the animal for full value.

Legislation

It is illegal to bring livestock with cancer into Victoria without a licence, and is illegal to put cattle or sheep affected with malignant tumours in a Victorian saleyard. Exceptions are made for early stage skin and eye cancers that are less than the size of a 5 cent coin and are not bleeding or discharging. However these animals may be sold for slaughter only.

If the eye cancer is between the size of a 5 and 20 cent coin and not bleeding or discharging the animal may go direct to an abattoir to be slaughtered at owner's risk of non-payment. Tumours should never be allowed to get to a stage where they are larger than this. For more information See related Agriculture note: Eye cancers in cattle

يا لطيف شو هالصور

يا ريت لو في شرح بالعربي عن الاورام

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مبادرة حلوة من د. فيت وبتمنى تكثرو منها وخاصة بالانكليزية والى الأخ ميدو معلش تعب نفسك شوي وترجم لأنو في المستقبل رح يصير كل شي بالانكليزي أصلا كل المواد بالكلية عبارة عن ترجمة لمراجع أجنبية ما تفكر الدكاترة مؤلفين شي ( عبارة عن ترجمة فقط ) يعني اذا ترجمة هالمقال فينك تقول أنو ألفتو بالعربي (هههههه )

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الحياة ثلاثة أيام : أمس ذهب بما فيه .. و غدا ً قد لا تدركه ..و اليوم فاعمل و اجتهد فيه

الجمـال الذي لا فضيلة معه كالزهر الذي لا رائحة فيه بحثت في محاسن النســــاء وجدت أفضلها الحيــــــاء
حملـــه حمـــايه Hemaya compaign

We must be silent before we can listen

We must listen before we can learn

We must learn before we can prepare

We must prepare before we can serve

We must serve before we can lead

بالفعل يا د. منير انك صادق في قولك انه احنا العرب ما نعرف غير اشي اسمو " ترجمة " اما اشي اسمو تاليف وبحث وتمحيص , انا بقولش انه ما فيش منمرة لكن نادر جدا تتلاقي كتاب مؤلفه عربي في هيك مجالات

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سبحان الله وبحمده عدد خلقه ورضاء نفسه ومداد كلماته

جمييييييلة الصور