اكبر موسوعة عن ادوية القطط والكلاب وكيفية اعطائها شرح بالصور - سيريا فيت - الطب البيطري

د/عمرو · #1 17-05-2007, 10:02 PM

Administering a Pill to Your Cat

Q.How do I give a pill to my cat?
A.If your cat is not on dietary restrictions, and your veterinarian said the medication can be given with food, the easiest way to give a pill is to hide it in a piece of food. A small amount of butter, tuna, cream cheese, liverwurst, canned cat food or semi-moist food like Pounce is often used. Canned cheese with nozzle dispensing often works too, and does not have to be refrigerated. If you are going to put the pill in the cat's food, it is best to give a small amount of the food without the pill first. This lowers your cat's suspicion index. It is best not to mix the medication in an entire meal, since if the cat does not eat the whole meal, she will not get the appropriate dose of medication.
If your cat will not take the pill in food, or cannot have food with the medication, then it is down the hatch.

Get the pill out of the bottle and place it where it will be handy.
Bring your cat to the place you will give the pill, talking to her in a happy voice. If you do not sound worried or concerned, your cat will be less likely to feel that way as well.
Sometimes, it is helpful to wrap the cat in a blanket or very large towel so just her head is sticking out. Place her back end against something so she cannot back away from you. I have found that when giving a pill to my Siamese cat, who fights against 'being pilled' literally tooth and nail, wrapping him in a large towel and then placing him between my knees as I sit on the floor gives me the most control. Other people like to place the cat more at eye level - on a table.
Hold the pill between your thumb and index finger. (If you are right-handed, use your right hand.)
Using your other hand, gently (but firmly) grasp your cat's head from above with your thumb on one side of the hinge of the jaw and your fingers on the other.
Tilt your pet's head back over her shoulders so she is looking at the ceiling. Her lower jaw will automatically drop a bit.

(For better visualization, an extra large pill was used for this picture.)

Place one of your free fingers of the hand holding the pill between the lower canine teeth (the long front teeth) and push down.
Quickly place the pill as far back in your cat's mouth as possible, getting it over the 'hump' of the tongue. Do not place your hand too far in, however, or your cat may gag.
Close your cat's mouth, hold it closed, and lower her head to a normal position, which will make swallowing easier. Gently rub or blow on your cat's nose; this often stimulates a cat to lick her nose, and then swallow.
Talk softly and stroke your cat, or give another type of praise your cat will enjoy, e.g., a food treat. This will make the next time easier. And remember, the quicker you can give the medication, the easier it is on both of you.
If you have to break a scored tablet, here is a simple procedure that should work for any tablet that has a somewhat rounded surface:
1. Place the tablet on a flat hard surface.
2. Place one thumb on each side of the score.
3. Press down with both thumbs.

Although pictures are worth a thousand words, seeing a live demonstration is even better. If your veterinarian prescribes pills for your cat, have one of the veterinary staff show you how to give them.

Administering a Pill to Your Dog

Q.How do I give a pill to my dog?
A.If your dog is not on dietary restrictions, and your veterinarian said the medication can be given with food, the easiest way to give a pill is to hide it in a piece of food. A small amount of butter, peanut butter, liverwurst, cream cheese, or canned pet food, is often used. Canned cheese with nozzle dispensing often works too, and does not have to be refrigerated. If you are going to put the pill in the dog's food, it is best to give a small amount of the food without the pill first. This lowers your dog's suspicion index. It is best not to mix the medication in an entire meal, since if the dog does not eat the whole meal, he will not get the appropriate dose of medication.
If your dog will not take the pill in food or cannot have food with the medication, then it is down the hatch.

Get the pill out of the bottle and place it where it will be handy.
Call your dog to you in a happy voice. If you do not sound worried or concerned, your dog will be less likely to feel that way as well.
Take your dog to a convenient spot, and place your dog's hind end against something so he cannot back away from you. Some people have found they have better control if they place the dog on a surface up above the floor. If you do so, make sure you have assistance, so the dog will not jump or fall off the table and hurt himself. The person assisting you should hold the dog around the shoulders and chest.
Hold the pill between your thumb and index finger. (If you are right-handed, use your right hand.)
Using your other hand, gently grasp your dog's muzzle from above with your thumb on one side and your fingers on the other.
Squeeze behind the upper canine teeth and tilt your pet's head back over his shoulders so he is looking at the ceiling. His lower jaw will automatically drop a bit.
Use one of the other fingers of your right hand to lower the bottom jaw further by placing the finger between the lower canine teeth (the long front teeth) and pushing down.
Quickly place the pill as far back in your dog's mouth as possible, getting it over the 'hump' of the tongue. Do not place your hand too far in, however, or your dog may gag.
Close your dog’s mouth, hold it closed, and lower his head to a normal position, which will make swallowing easier. Gently rubbing or blowing on your dog's nose may help stimulate him to swallow.
If you have to break a scored tablet, here is a simple procedure that should work for any tablet that has a somewhat rounded surface:
1. Place the tablet on a flat hard surface.
2. Place one thumb on each side of the score.
3. Press down with both thumbs.
Give your dog plenty of praise, and possibly a treat. This will make next time easier. And remember, the quicker you can give the medication, the easier it is on both of you.

Although pictures are worth a thousand words, seeing a live demonstration is even better. If your veterinarian prescribes pills for your dog, have one of the veterinary staff show you how to give them.

د/عمرو · #2 17-05-2007, 10:09 PM

Administering Liquid Medication to Your Cat

Q.How do I give my cat a liquid medication?
A.If your cat is not on dietary restrictions, your veterinarian said the medication can be given with food, and the dose is small, the easiest way may be to mix it with a small amount of canned food. It is best to give a small amount of the food without the medication first. This lowers your cat's suspicion index. It is best not to mix the medication in an entire meal, since if the cat does not eat the whole meal, she will not get the appropriate dose of medication.
If your cat will not take the medication in food, cannot have food with the medication, or the dose is too large, then it is down the hatch.

Get the medication ready – shake the bottle if necessary, and withdraw the appropriate amount of liquid into the dropper or oral syringe provided by your veterinarian. Place the filled dropper or syringe where it will be handy.
Bring your cat to the place you will give the medication, talking to her in a happy voice. If you do not sound worried or concerned, your cat will be less likely to feel that way as well.
Sometimes, it is helpful to wrap the cat in a blanket or very large towel so just her head is sticking out. Place her back end against something so she cannot back away from you. I have found that when giving medication to my Siamese cat, who fights against it literally tooth and nail, wrapping him in a large towel and then placing him between my knees as I sit on the floor gives me the most control. Other people like to place the cat more at eye level – on a table.
Pick up the syringe or dropper. (If you are right-handed, use your right hand.)
Using your other hand, gently (but firmly) grasp your cat's head from above with your thumb on one side of the hinge of the jaw and your fingers on the other.
Place the tip of the eyedropper or syringe into the mouth in the space right behind the long canine teeth. This area has only a few very small teeth.
Advance the eyedropper or tip of the syringe into the mouth until it is just past the teeth.
Slowly administer the medication. Give the medication in small amounts with a slight pause between each portion. Be very careful not to give it faster than your cat can swallow it. Do not try to give all of the liquid at once, since this may cause choking or vomiting. Your cat may spit out some of the medication. If this occurs, do not re-administer another dose unless you feel the cat spit out the entire dose.
Hold your cat's mouth closed, and have her head in a normal position, which will make swallowing easier. Gently rub or blow on your cat's nose; this often stimulates a cat to lick her nose, and then swallow.

<LI value=10>Wipe off any medication that got on your cat's face using a soft, moist cloth.
Talk softly and stroke your cat, or give another type of praise your cat will enjoy, e.g., a food treat. This will make the next time easier. And remember, the more efficiently you can give the medication, the easier it is on both of you.
Rinse the syringe/dropper with tap water and return the medication to the refrigerator, if necessary.

Although pictures are worth a thousand words, seeing a live demonstration is even better. If your veterinarian prescribes liquid medication for your cat, have one of the veterinary staff show you how to give it.

Administering Liquid Medication toYour Dog

Q.How do I give liquid medications to my dog?
A.If your dog is not on dietary restrictions, your veterinarian said that the medication can be given with food, and the dose is small, the easiest way may be to mix it with a small amount of canned food. It is best to give a small amount of the food without the medication first. This lowers your dog's suspicion index. It is best not to mix the medication in an entire meal, since if the dog does not eat the whole meal, she will not get the appropriate dose of medication. If your dog will not take the medication in food, cannot have food with the medication, or the dose is too large, then it is down the hatch.

Get the medication ready - shake the bottle if necessary, and withdraw the appropriate amount of liquid into the dropper or oral syringe provided by your veterinarian. Place the filled dropper or syringe where it will be handy.
Call your dog to you in a happy voice. If you do not sound worried or concerned, your dog will be less likely to feel that way as well.
Take your dog to a convenient spot, and place your dog's hind end against something so he cannot back away from you. Some people have found they have better control if they place the dog on a surface up above the floor. If you do so, make sure you have assistance, so the dog will not jump or fall off the table and hurt himself. The person assisting you should hold the dog around the shoulders and chest.
Pick up the syringe or dropper. (If you are right-handed, use your right hand.)
Using your other hand, gently grasp your dog's muzzle from above. Tilt the dog's head back slightly.
Place the tip of the eyedropper or syringe into the pocket formed between the dog's cheek and back teeth.
Slowly administer the medication. Give the medication in small amounts with a slight pause between each portion. Be very careful not to give it faster than your dog can swallow it. Do not try to give all of the liquid at once, since this may cause choking or vomiting. Your dog may spit out some of the medication. If this occurs, do not re-administer another dose unless you feel he spit out the entire dose.
Hold your dog's mouth closed, and have his head in a slightly elevated position, which will make swallowing easier. Gently rubbing or blowing on your dog’s nose may help stimulate him to swallow.

<LI type=1 value=9>Wipe off any medication that got on your dog's face using a soft, moist cloth.
Give your dog plenty of praise, and possibly a treat. This will make next time easier. And remember, the more efficiently you can give the medication, the easier it is on both of you.
Rinse the syringe/dropper with tap water and return the medication to the refrigerator, if necessary.

Although pictures are worth a thousand words, seeing a live demonstration is even better. If your veterinarian prescribes liquid medication for your dog, have one of the veterinary staff show you how to give it.

د/عمرو · #3 17-05-2007, 10:15 PM

Administering eye medications, such as drops and ointments to

your pet, is generally not difficult, but care must be taken to do it properly. Click on the button at the left for step-by-step directions of how to give these medications. If your veterinarian prescribes eye medications for your pet, it will also help to have one of the veterinary staff show you how to give them.

Administering transdermal gel

is quite easy, but care must be taken to do it properly. Click on thebutton at the left for step-by-step directions of how to give these medications. If your veterinarian prescribes transdermal gel medications for your pet, it will also help to have one of the veterinary staff show you how to give them.

Breaking a Tablet: The Pressure's On

It's fast and easy to break a scored tablet:

Place the tablet on a flat hard surface.
Place one thumb on each side of the score.
Press down with both thumbs.

This procedure should work for any tablet that has a somewhat rounded surface.

د/عمرو · #4 22-05-2007, 10:32 PM

Antibiotics
Antibiotics are drugs which kill or stop the growth of bacteria. In most cases, an antibiotic will only have an affect on certain types of bacteria such as Strep. or Staph., and may not have an affect on others. Bacteria which are not killed by a certain antibiotic are called 'resistant.'

Articles:

Amikacin (Amiglyde-V, Amikacin C Injection, Amiject D)
Generic Name
Amikacin
Brand Name
Amiglyde-V, Amikacin C Injection, Amiject D.
Type of Drug
Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Form and Storage
Injectable
Store vials at room temperature.
Indication for Use
Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections not responsive to more commonly used antibiotics.
General Information
FDA approved for use in dogs. Available by prescription. Used to treat serious gram negative infections that are resistant to other aminoglycosides. A culture and sensitivity test should be performed to verify the need for amikacin due to the seriousness of problems the medication could cause. Aminoglycosides are bacteriocidal.
Usual Dose and Administration
Consult your veterinarian. Given subcutaneously (SQ) or intramuscularly (IM).
Side Effects
May see kidney damage, hearing loss, or vestibular (balance) disorders. May also see facial swelling, pain at injection site, allergic reactions, vomiting, diarrhea, blood disorders, or liver disorders.
Contraindications/Warnings
Do not use in animals hypersensitive (allergic) to aminoglycosides.
Ineffective against most anaerobic (live without oxygen) bacteria.
Do not use in animals who require their hearing to perform their work (military dogs, police dogs, seeing eye dogs, hearing dogs, etc.), as the hearing or vestibular (balance) impairment may not be reversible.
Do not use in animals with kidney disease, as this group of medications may cause kidney disease or may worsen the disease if present.
Do not use in animals who have heartworm microfilaria (immature heartworm).
Do not use in patients with fever or dehydration.
Not for use in pregnant or nursing animals.
Not for use in animals with myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders.
Young and old pets are at increased risk of side effects.
Cats are very sensitive to the vestibular effects of aminoglycosides.
Early signs of toxicity include loss of balance and vomiting.
Drug or Food Interactions
Do not use with diuretics, as the combination increases the risk of kidney damage.
Do not use in combination with other aminoglycosides.
Do not use with other products that may cause hearing loss, vestibular disease, or kidney disease.
No known food interactions.
Overdose/Toxicity
Early signs of toxicity include loss of balance and vomiting. May see symptoms of kidney disease including increase or decrease in drinking, lack of appetite, vomiting, depression, coma, and death

Dr.Khaled · #5 27-05-2007, 06:58 PM

دكتور فعلا مواضيعك مميزه

dr_9390 · #6 02-06-2007, 03:13 AM

شكرا جزيلا
شي مفيد وحقلي
بانتظار المزيد

د/عمرو · #7 03-06-2007, 01:18 PM

العفو اخوتى واسف على التاخير فى التكملة ولكن الموضوع سيكتمل بالقريب ان شاء الله

د/عمرو · #8 03-06-2007, 01:52 PM

Aminopenicillins (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin)

Aminopenicillins are broad-spectrum antibiotics, also called ampicillin penicillins. They are very safe and often prescribed for infections while waiting for laboratory results. Use all of the medication prescribed, or the infection is likely to recur or become worse. Do NOT use ampicillin or amoxicillin in rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas, or hamsters since it will affect the normal bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and possibly cause a fatal diarrhea. .

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (Clavamox®, Augmentin®)

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic, and a type of penicillin. Potassium clavulanate increases its effectiveness against certain types of bacteria. The combination, called a potentiated penicillin, is used to treat susceptible bacterial infections in many species. Do NOT use amoxicillin/clavulanate in rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas, or hamsters since it will affect the normal bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and possibly cause a fatal diarrhea.

Azithromycin (Zithromax®)

Azithromycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the macrolide class, used to treat susceptible bacterial infections. Use all of the medication prescribed, or the infection is likely to recur or become worse. .

Cephalosporins (Cefadroxil, Cephalexin, Cefazolin)

Cephalosporins are broadspectrum, safe, commonly used antibiotics. They are often prescribed for bacterial infections while waiting for laboratory results. Use all of the medication prescribed, or the infection is likely to recur or become worse. Side effects are rare, although oral forms can upset the stomach

Clindamycin (Antirobe®, Cleocin®)

Clindamycin is in the lincosamide class of antibiotics. It is used most often for oral infections, dental disease, abscesses, deep wounds, and bone infections. It also kills some protozoa. Do NOT use clindamycin in rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas, or hamsters since it will affect the normal bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and possibly cause a fatal diarrhea. Liver and kidney function tests are recommended if used long term.

Doxycycline (Vibramycin®)

Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, related to other tetracyclines, that is commonly used for the treatment of bacterial infections, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, mycoplasma, psittacosis, and many diseases carried by ticks including Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and salmon poisoning. Use all of the medication prescribed, or the infection is likely to recur or become worse. Do not give doxycycline during the first half of pregnancy since it can slow the growth, alter the skeleton, and yellow the teeth of unborn animals. Give only during the second half of pregnancy if benefits outweigh the risks.

Enrofloxacin (Baytril®)

Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the quinolone/fluoroquinolone class. It is used to treat many types of bacterial infections. Do NOT use in growing dogs, pregnant, or nursing animals, since it has an adverse effect on developing bones and joints. Use with caution in cats; higher doses can result in altered vision or blindness. Use all of the medication prescribed, or the infection is likely to recur or become worse

Erythromycin

SummaryErythromycin is an antibiotic used to treat certain types of diarrhea, skin infections and prostate infections. Contact your veterinarian if your pet experiences diarrhea, vomiting, or decreased appetite while being treated with erythromycin.
Generic Name
Erythromycin Brand Name
Multiple human brands
Type of Drug
Antibiotic
Form and Storage
Tablet, capsule, oral suspension, and injectable
Store at room temperature in a tightly closed container protected from light. Refrigerate the oral suspension.
Indications for Use
Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections.
General Information
Only the injectable form is FDA approved for use in dogs and cats; although, it is a common and accepted practice to use the other forms also. Available by prescription. Several chemically different forms of erythromycin are available. Usually bacteriostatic, but at high doses, may be bacteriocidal.
Usual Dose and Administration
Dogs and Cats: 2.25-9 mg/pound by mouth (tablet, capsule, oral suspension) every 8 hours. Duration of treatment depends on reason for treatment and response to treatment.
Side Effects
May see lack of appetite, vomiting, or diarrhea.
Contraindications/Warnings
Not for use in patients hypersensitive (allergic) to it.
Do not use in pregnant or nursing animals.
Use with caution in animals with liver disease.
Drug or Food Interactions
Do not use in combination with clindamycin, lincomycin, chloramphenicol, or penicillin.
May cause theophylline or digoxin levels to rise to toxic levels, and may increase the levels of terfenadine possibly causing severe heart problems.
May increase bleeding time if used with warfarin.
May decrease the metabolism of methylprednisolone (a steroid).
Phenytoin may increase the levels of erythromycin.
Food decreases the absorption of erythromycin, but small meals may need to be given with the medication to decrease side effects.
Overdose/Toxicity
Unlikely. May see lack of appetite, vomiting, or diarrhea.

د/عمرو · #9 03-06-2007, 02:09 PM

Extended-spectrum Penicillins (Carbenicillin: Geocillin, Pyopen, Geopen)

SummaryExtended-spectrum penicillins are less commonly used antibiotics. They are prescribed for certain bacterial infections when other antibiotics are ineffective. There are many forms of penicillin, so dosages vary greatly. Always check with your veterinarian regarding the use and dosage of penicillins in your pet. Inadequate doses or treatment periods, or over dosage, can cause significant problems.
Generic Names
Alpha-carboxypenicillins: carbenicillin, tecarcillin
Acylaminopenicillins: piperacillin, azlocillin, mezloxillin
Brand Name
Carbenicillin: Geocillin (oral), Pyopen (injectable), Geopen (oral and injectable)
Type of Drug
Class of penicillin antibiotic. (There are 4 classes of penicillins, based upon their ability to kill various types of bacteria.) From narrow to broad range of effectiveness they include:

Natural penicillins and penicillinase-resistant penicillins
Aminopenicillins
Extended-spectrum penicillins
Potentiated penicillins

Form and Storage
Tablets and injectable
Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, store at room temperature.
Indications for Use
Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections.
General Information
Not FDA approved for use in dogs or cats, but are used in some cases when other antibiotics are ineffective (e.g., infections with Pseudomonas). Other penicillins are used more commonly. Available by prescription. Penicillins are bacteriocidal. Extended-spectrum penicillins treat similar infections as the aminopenicillins, but have additional activity against more gram negative bacteria. Susceptible to inactivation by penicillinase and beta-lactamase producing bacteria.
Usual Dose and Administration
Contact your veterinarian.
Side Effects
May see lack of appetite, drooling, vomiting, or diarrhea. In case of an allergic reaction, may see rash, fever, changes in the blood cells, enlarged lymph nodes, incoordination, increased heart rate, increased rate of breathing, difficulty breathing, or swelling of face or limbs.
Contraindications/Warnings
People with hypersensitivities (allergies) to penicillins or beta-lactam antibiotics such as cephalosporins should not handle the penicillins as allergic reactions could occur just from contact.
Not for use in patients hypersensitive to penicillins or beta-lactam antibiotics.
Penicillins do cross the placenta, and it is advised not to use in pregnant animals although no detrimental results to fetuses have been reported.
Some of the penicillins may cause electrolyte changes especially in very small animals who may be dehydrated or have kidney or heart disorders.
Ticarcillin and carbenicillin have been associated with bleeding problems in humans.
Drug or Food Interactions
Not for use with bacteriostatic drugs such as erythromycin or tetracyclines as these types of medications halt the growth of bacteria which need to be growing to be killed by the penicillins.
Probenecid may increase serum levels of penicillins.
Use with caution with anticoagulants like heparin.
For best absorption, give 1 hour prior to feeding or 2 hours after feeding. May give with food if needed to decrease side effects such as vomiting.
Overdose/Toxicity
May see vomiting or diarrhea. Dogs on high doses or long-term use may show signs of incoordination (difficulty walking). Epinephrine and/or steroids are used in case of an allergic reaction.

Gentamicin (Gentocin)

SummaryGentamicin is an injectable antibiotic used to treat more difficult infections. Can be toxic to the ears, vestibular (balance) system, and kidneys.
Generic Name
Gentamicin Brand Names
Gentaject, Gentaved, and Gentocin
Type of Drug
Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Form and Storage
Injectable
Store at room temperature.
Indications for Use
Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections.
General Information
FDA approved for use in dogs and cats. Available by prescription. Aminoglycosides are bacteriocidal. Usually given in a hospital setting as it is an injection. Used to treat infections with gram negative aerobic bacteria. Use with care as bacterial resistance to gentamicin is developing.
Usual Dose and Administration
Dogs and Cats: 1-2 mg/pound every 8 hours as an intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), or subcutaneous (SQ) injection. Some veterinarians give a higher dose once a day. Duration of treatment depends on reason for treatment and response to treatment.
Side Effects
May see kidney damage, hearing loss, or vestibular (balance) disorders. May also see facial swelling, pain at injection site, allergic reactions, vomiting, diarrhea, blood disorders, or liver disorders.
Contraindications/Warnings
Do not use in animals hypersensitive (allergic) to aminoglycosides.
Ineffective against most anaerobic (live without oxygen) bacteria.
Do not use in animals who require their hearing to perform their work (military dogs, police dogs, seeing eye dogs, hearing dogs, etc.) as the hearing or vestibular (balance) impairment may not be reversible.
Do not use in animals with kidney disease as this group of medications may worsen the disease if present.
Not for use in pregnant or nursing animals.
Not for use in animals with myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders.
Not for use in animals with fever or dehydration.
Early signs of toxicity include loss of hearing and balance.
Drug or Food Interactions
Do not use with diuretics as it increases the risk of kidney damage.
Do not use in combination with other aminoglycosides.
Do not use with other products that may cause hearing loss, vestibular disease, or kidney disease.
Do not use with general anesthetics.
No known food interactions.
Overdose/Toxicity
Early signs of toxicity include loss of hearing and balance or vomiting. May see symptoms of kidney disease including increase or decrease in drinking, lack of appetite, vomiting, depression, coma, and death.

Kanamycin (Kantrim)

.
SummaryKanamycin is an antibiotic which is used most commonly as an ingredient in Amforal, a treatment for diarrhea. Larger doses can cause hearing and vestibular (balance) impairment, and kidney damage.
Generic Name
Kanamycin Brand Name
Kantrim
Combination Product
Amforal contains kanamycin plus bismuth subcarbonate and aluminum magnesium silicate
Type of Drug
Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Form and Storage
Amforol oral suspension and tablets store at room temperature.
Kantrim injectable store at room temperature.
Indications for Use
Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections. Amforol is used to treat susceptible intestinal bacterial infections (bacterial diarrheas).
General Information
FDA approved for use in dogs and cats. Available by prescription. Kanamycin is bacteriocidal. Useful in treating many gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Resistance is slow to develop to kanamycin.
Usual Dose and Administration
Amforol: Dogs and Cats: First dose is 2 tablets/20 pounds of body weight, then continue every 8 hours with 1 tablet/20 pounds with a maximum of 3 tablets every 8 hours. Kantrim: Dogs and Cats: 2.5 mg/pound every 12 hours preferably by subcutaneous injection. Do not treat longer than 5 days with either drug.
Side Effects
May cause pain at injection site especially if given intramuscularly (IM). The bismuth subcarbonate in Amforol may produce a darkening of the tongue and stools which can be confused with melena (blood in the stool). Prolonged exposure to orally administered bismuth salts has been associated with encephalopathies in other species with symptoms which may include lack of energy, muscle twitching, confusion, convulsions, and comas.
Contraindications/Warnings
Do not use in patients hypersensitive (allergic) to the aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Do not use in patients undergoing general anesthetic.
Do not use in patients with kidney disease or dehydration.
Do not use in animals who require their hearing to perform their work (military dogs, police dogs, seeing eye dogs, etc.) as the hearing or vestibular (balance) impairment may not be reversible.
Not for use in pregnant or nursing animals.
Early signs of toxicity include loss of balance and vomiting.
Use caution when treating those patients under 5 pounds or very young puppies and kittens as the recommended dosage may produce kidney or hearing damage.
Treatment of intestinal Salmonella infections may result in prolonged shedding of the micro-organism. Follow-up cultures after treatment are strongly advised by the manufacturer.
Drug or Food Interactions
Do not use in combination with other aminoglycosides.
Do not use with other products that may cause hearing loss, vestibular disease, or kidney disease.
Do not use with diuretics as it increases the risk of kidney damage.
Overdose/Toxicity
Early signs of toxicity include loss of balance and vomiting. May see symptoms of kidney disease including increase or decrease in drinking, lack of appetite, vomiting, depression, coma, and death.

Lincomycin (Lincocin®)

Lincomycin is an antibiotic that is used to treat certain bacterial infections in dogs, cats, and ferrets. Do NOT use lincomycin in rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas, or hamsters since it will affect the normal bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and possibly cause a fatal diarrhea. Use all of the medication prescribed, or the infection is likely to recur or become worse

ismaeel · #10 17-07-2007, 04:50 PM

شي كتير حلو و بتمنى تكتر المواضيع الأجنبية بهدف تقوية اللغة و الإفادة

bar_vet · #11 17-07-2007, 06:33 PM

مشكور دكتور عمرو
حقيقه موقع مميز كتير
تحياتي لك